1. PROVIDING BREEDING
The aloe vera plant short trunked and hidden in the soil. In part this stems emerging seedlings were clustered around the parent plant. This puppies can be used as a way to separate the parent seed. Puppies who deserve to be sized seeds about the size of your thumb, with a length between 10 cm - 20 cm. Each parent can produce a rod 5-8 rods that surround the plant. For planting in large quantities, need to do special preparation of nurseries to produce seedlings. The parent plants producing seeds maintained specifically on beds or pots in order to produce more tillers. If it appears puppies for thumb can be moved on immediately cut to a special place, a nursery beds or polybags. Nursery (nursery) is made up strong roots to be transplanted to the field. Old nursery can reach 3-4 weeks.
To obtain uniform seedlings, fertile, and healthy then the puppies should be maintained in particular, ranging from regular watering, providing fertile ground pesemian, periodic fertilizing and pest and disease control precisely, so that the seeds do not become infectious pests and diseases. Nursery soil can be mixed with manure or compost to make it more fertile and friable. Earthy friable seedbed will facilitate the lifting of seedlings.
Aloe vera can also stem grafting for propagation. However, due to the short-trunked, making it difficult in large quantities. Replanting is done by cutting the stem of aloe vera, flat on the ground, to stimulate the growth of new tillers that will appear around the stem. Furthermore, the new plant saplings used or moved.
Before planting, the saplings are planted in small polybag so that the roots grew a lot and ready to be moved into the field. Each polybag enough saplings planted 1 thumb-sized trunk. The trick, condense polybag soil around the roots so that the roots can or will be directly on the ground.
Land for breeding should be crumbly. Therefore, the soil can be mixed with manure or compost cendawa free.
2. PLANTING DISTANCE
The aloe vera plant has no leafy canopy, so that planting can use dense spacing. Spacing is often used single line spacing, which facilitates maintenance and harvesting.
Spacing used in a single row is 50 cm x 75 cm, 50 cm x 100 cm. Beds can be used for wide spacing of 60 cm x 50 cm, or as shown below. Good spacing measurements will facilitate subsequent maintenance, because aloe vera plant will be maintained for a long time.
3. PLANTING
Planting aloe vera should use seeds that have dideder that the mortality rate is low. In addition, maintenance of plants in a small scale (in the nursery place) is much easier than the maintenance of the plants that have been planted in the field. Therefore, place the plant nursery reared more intensively in order to get a healthy plant, lush, dams selected, so that a uniform crop.
The aloe vera plant can be planted at any season, but good planting can be done at the beginning of the rainy season or the end of the dry season. In the rainy season the problem is the plant more susceptible to the fungus, while in the dry season threatened plants die because of drought. When planting should be selected in the early morning or late afternoon, when the sun is not too hot to reduce kelayuan.
Plant seeds removed from polybag with extreme caution so as not too many roots are breaking up or separating places loss of land. Planting is done by making a hole on the bed about as deep as the eye hoe. Furthermore, seeds implanted into the hole and compacted soil around the roots so that soil dederan blend with soil beds. Give protection individually on each new crop is planted with banana gedebok or the leaves of young plants early in order to avoid kelayuan. In addition, if there is no rainfall, new plants need to be watered until the plants are strong. At that time the plant can be fertilized with a low dose, for each acre given 100 kg Urea, 100 kg TSP, and 50 kg of KCI.
4. PRESERVATION
- Stitching After planting, the need to watch out for is keeping the moisture so plants will not dry up. Therefore, it should be done on a continuous watering, good morning or late afternoon when it is not raining. Watering is done to root crops grow, to be able to meet its water needs.
For the preservation of this when there is a death or crop growth is not good should be immediately replaced with new plants. Some of the new crop could pursue the growth of other plants then stitching should be done 1-3 weeks after planting. Seeds used for embroidery originated from nursery seedlings are deliberately left to penyuluman.
- Fostering
Actually no precise recommendations for Aloe vera cultivation. But the growth required elements nitrogen and potassium to the formation of leaf chlorophyll, the vegetative growth of crops, and crop tissue formation. As the adoption of phosphate, is expected to stimulate the growth and development of roots. According to the experience of farmers, cultivating dose can follow these instructions.
| No. | When giving | Urea | TSP | KCI | Remarks |
| 1 | 3 – 4 month | 100100100 | 100– | 505050 | per ha |
To improve soil structure, in addition to be given artificial fertilizers should also be given organic fertilizer, such as compost and manure in the form of cow dung, goat, and poultry. According to the experience of the farmers, it turns cow manure is better, because it contains a lot of nutrients, especially nitrogen and other micro elements. In addition, mature cow dung does not stimulate the growth of fungi. Meanwhile, poultry manure bersal often invite fungal diseases.
- Hoarding
At the age of 3 months the plant has begun to flourish. So that the plants have started to spread to the surrounding beds. To bring food, loose soil, and strengthen the establishment of the plant, the plant needs to hoard by raising the surrounding soil and compacted to around the stems of plants.
Hoarding usually also accompanied by the subsequent weed control and fertilization. At this time it also carried pembumbunan penyobekan plants that already produce tillers. Plants that have too many child growth will be stunted. In addition, penyobekan also useful for obtaining puppies which will be used as seed.
- Torning
At the age of 5-6 months of the crop has begun to produce a child of the stem buried in the ground. A child's need to be separated disobek or seeds. Also, if a child will be left to grow in the vicinity of its parent to become a burden to the parent. Growth of the parent becomes obstructed, and dwarf plants.
When will be the seed, this time we begin to separate a child to then dideder. Split Penyobekan or a child of a child of this parent is done carefully using a sharp knife.
- Weed Control
The aloe vera plant has no leaves lush planting so the soil around the open. It invites a lot of growing in the wild, let alone the plants will continue to be maintained for several years. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously weed control, when the fate of a small weed control easier and cost less. Pengendaliaan weeds can be done manually by pulling by hand, using a hoe or leftovers, mendangir while membumbun, or use of chemical herbicides.
Several types of harmful weeds are weeds (Imperata cylindrica), gerinting grass (Cynodon dactylon), nut-grass (Cyperus rotundus), purslane (Portuaca spp.), Kale (Ipomorea sp.), And others. In regions with high rainfall, over 2,000 mm / year is relatively high growth of weeds. In addition, the use of manure, especially the use of manure, especially cow dung, also often become carriers of grass seed. Therefore, the use of manure must use fertilizers that have been cooked well (decomposed) so that weed seeds are there already dead.
In addition to being rivals in acquiring food and sunshine for the main crops, weeds are also often the host plants for pests and diseases.
5. PEST AND DISEASE CONTROL
- Pests leaf-eating caterpillars
Damage due to pests has not been reported seriously. Pests are often disturbing is the driving caterpillar leaves on young plants. These caterpillars are very disturbing because it resulted in impaired plant growth. Caterpillar pest control is done by spraying insecticides.
- Hama Snails
Snail and slug pests similar small leaf damage. Pengendaliaan bekisot pests can be done manually. This software is fairly easy animals captured and killed or collected to be used as feed chickens or ducks.
This pest is very fond of moist places. Holes and damp bushes is a good place to lay eggs and breed. Therefore, environmental sanitation is necessary to cope with this pest.
- Disease
The disease often attacks the aloe vera plant is a class of fungi that cause rot at the base of the stem, or leaf base, such as Fusarium Sp. which attack the roots or base of the stem so that the plants wilt and die.
Control of this disease can be done by setting the ground for smooth drainage, karen fungus is very fond of ugly land drainage and damp. Affected plants should be destroyed by the road and the place where the burnt plant isolated so as not to transmit the disease to other plants. Chemical control is done with the use of fungicide active ingredient dazomet, captafol or benomyl, as Basamid G, Benlete or Vapam. Its use is done by spraying the plants or by dipping the roots of the plant before the crop is planted.
